One of the most substantial aspects of the solar still systems that should be significantly considered is their economic and environment aspects. The present study deals with analyzing and identifying the behaviors of a cascade solar still desalination system in the presence of different insulation types and phase change materials. A Matlab code is developed to solve the energy equations for different components of the system simultaneously using ODE-45 solver. A comprehensive thermal, economic and environment analyses performed on the solar still desalination system with different insulation types and phase change materials. With selecting three objective functions namely total annual cost (T A C), exergy efficiency (η e x), and exergy-based CO 2 mitigation (φ C O 2, e x− b a s e d), the tri-objective optimization is carried out for two considered cases of solar still desalination units. The thermal analysis …